The Status of Professional Development for K-12 Online Teachers: Insights and Implications

Rice, Kerry; Dawley, Lisa

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The Status of Professional Development for K-12 Online Teachers: Insights and Implications

Rice, K. & Dawley, L. (2009). The Status of Professional Development for K-12 Online Teachers: Insights and Implications. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 17(4), 523-545. Chesapeake, VA: SITE.
Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/28226.

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Journal Information

Journal of Technology and Teacher Education
ISSN 1059-7069
Volume 17, Issue 4, October 2009
Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education Chesapeake, VA

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Table of Contents

Authors

Kerry Rice, Lisa Dawley, Boise State University, United States

Abstract

The authors share findings, insights, and implications from “Going Virtual! The Status of Professional Development for K12 Online Teachers,” a 2007 report supported by the North American Council for Online Learning (NACOL, now known as iNACOL). The authors conducted a national survey of 259 K-12 online teachers, administrators, and professional development trainers to gain baseline information on the status of K-12 online teacher professional development. This paper provides three main insights from the study: the influence of evolving context on professional development; the broad continuum of professional development practices & models; and global and situation-specific professional development needs. It discusses implications for K12 online teacher professional development practice, policy, and research.

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References

Barbour, M., Kinsella, J., Wicks, M., & Toker, S. (2009). Continuing change in a virtual world: Training and retraining instructors. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 17(4), 437-458.
Berliner, D. (1994). Expertise: The wonder of exemplary performances. In J. Mangieri & C. Block (Eds.), Creating powerful thinking in teachers and students: Diverse perspectives (pp. 161-186). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.
Clark, T. (2001). Virtual schools: Trends and issues: A study of virtual schools in the United States [Electronic version]. Malcomb, IL: Western Illinois University.
Compton, L.K., Davis, N.E. & Mackey, J. (2009). Field experience in virtual schools— To be there virtually [Special issue]. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 17(4), 459-478.
Dall’Alba, G., & Sandberg, J. (2006). Unveiling professional development: A critical review of stage models. Review of Educational Research, 76(3), 383-412.
Dawley, L. (2007). The tools for successful online teaching. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing,
Dreyfus, H. L., & Dreyfus, S. E. (1986). Mind over machine: The power of human intuition and expertise in the era of the computer. New York: Free Press.
Fulton, K. (2002). Brave new world of virtual schooling in the U.S. National Association of State Boards of Education (NASBE). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.nasbe .org/index.php
Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. Chicago: Aldine.
Gross, D., Truesdale, C., & Bielec, S. (2001). Backs to the wall : Supporting teacher professional development with technology. Educational Research and Evaluation, 7(2), 161-183.
Hassel, B. C., & Terrell, M. G. (2004). How can virtual schools be a vibrant part of meeting the choice provisions of the no child left behind act? White paper. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.doe.virginia.gov/VDOE/Instruction/title1/Hassel-Terrell-VirtualSchools.pdf
Ketelhut, D. J., McCloskey, E., Dede, C., Breit, L., & Whitehouse, P. (2006). Core tensions in the evolution of online teacher professional development. In C. Dede (Ed.), Online professional development for teachers: Emerging models and methods (pp. 237-263). Cambridge, Ma: Harvard Education Press.
Knapp, L. (1996). Restructuring schools with technology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Larreamendy-Joerns, J., & Leinhardt, G. (2006). Going the distance with online education. Review of Educational Research, 76(4), 567-605.
Lawless, K. A., & Pellegrino, J. W. (2007). Professional development in integrating technology into teaching and learning: Knowns, unknowns, and ways to pursue better questions and answers. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 575-614.
Long, A. (2004). Cyber schools. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from the Education Commission of the States Website http://www.ecs.og/clearinghouse/51/01/5101.pdf
Lowes, S. (2007). Professional development for online teachers. In C. Cavanaugh & B. Blomeyer (Eds.), What works in K-12 online learning. Washington, DC: International Society for Technology in Education.
National Education Association (NEA). (2006). Guide to teaching online courses. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.nea.org/home/30103.htm
National Foundation for the Improvement of Education (NFIE). (1996). Teachers take charge of their learning: Transforming professional development for student success. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.neafoundation.org/publications/takecharge.htm
North American Council for Online Learning (NACOL). (2008). National standards for quality online teaching. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.nacol.org/
North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL). (1999). State policy on professional development: Rethinking the linkages to student outcomes. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.ncrel.org/quality/policy/index.html
Picciano, A. G., & Seaman, J. (2009). K-12 online learning: A follow-up of the survey of U. S. School district administrators. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from the Sloan Consortium website http://www.sloan-C.org/publications/sutvey/k-12online2008
Rice, K. L. (2006). A comprehensive look at distance education in the k-12 context. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 38(4), 425-447.
Rice, K., & Dawley, L. (2007, November). Going virtual! The status of professional development for k-12 online teachers. Research report presented at the Virtual School Symposium. Louisville, KY. Supported by NACOL. Retrieved April 30, 2008, from http://edtech.boisestate.edu/goingvirtual/goingvirtual1.pdf
Southern Regional Education Board (SREB). (2006). Standards for quality online teaching. Retrieved August 19, 2007, from http://www.sreb.org/programs/EdTech/pubs/PDF/StandardsQualityOnlineTeaching.asp
Southern Regional Education Board (SREB). (2007). Report on state virtual schools. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.sreb.org/programs/EdTech/SVS/2007_report_on_state_virtual_schools.pdf
Sternberg, R. J., & Ben-Zeev, T. (2001). Complex cognition: The psychology of human thought. New York: Oxford University Press.
U. S. Department of Education (USDOE). (2004). Toward a new golden age in American education: How the internet, the law and today’s students are revolutionizing expectations. National Education Technology Plan 2004. Washington DC: Author.
Watson, J., & Ryan, J. (2006). Keeping pace with K–12 online learning: A review of statelevel policy and practice. Naperville, IL: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory at Learning Point Associates. Retrieved January 9, 2007, from http://www.naco L.org/docs/Keep ing%20Pace%20w ith%20K-12%20On l ine%20Learn ing%20 2006.pdf
Watson, J., & Ryan, J. (2007). Keeping pace with K–12 online learning: A review of statelevel policy and practice. Naperville, IL: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory
Watson, J., Gemin, B., & Ryan, J. (2008). Keeping pace with k-12 online learning: A review of state-level policy and practice. Evergreen, CO: Evergreen Consulting.
Web-Based Education Commission. (2000). The power of the internet for learning: Moving from promise to practice. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.ed.gov/offices/AC/WBEC/FinalReport/index.html
Yin, R. K. (1993). Applications of case study research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

These references have been extracted automatically and may have some errors. If you see a mistake in the references above, please contact info@editlib.org.

[1] Barbour, M., Kinsella, J., Wicks, M., & Toker, S. (2009). Continuing change in a virtual world: Training and retraining instructors. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 17(4), 437-458.

[2] Berliner, D. (1994). Expertise: The wonder of exemplary performances. In J. Mangieri & C. Block (Eds.), Creating powerful thinking in teachers and students: Diverse perspectives (pp. 161-186). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.

[3] Clark, T. (2001). Virtual schools: Trends and issues: A study of virtual schools in the United States [Electronic version]. Malcomb, IL: Western Illinois University.

[4] Compton, L.K., Davis, N.E. & Mackey, J. (2009). Field experience in virtual schools— To be there virtually [Special issue]. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 17(4), 459-478.

[5] Dall’Alba, G., & Sandberg, J. (2006). Unveiling professional development: A critical review of stage models. Review of Educational Research, 76(3), 383-412.

[6] Dawley, L. (2007). The tools for successful online teaching. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing,

[7] Dreyfus, H. L., & Dreyfus, S. E. (1986). Mind over machine: The power of human intuition and expertise in the era of the computer. New York: Free Press.

[8] Fulton, K. (2002). Brave new world of virtual schooling in the U.S. National Association of State Boards of Education (NASBE). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.nasbe .org/index.php

[9] Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. Chicago: Aldine.

[10] Gross, D., Truesdale, C., & Bielec, S. (2001). Backs to the wall : Supporting teacher professional development with technology. Educational Research and Evaluation, 7(2), 161-183.

[11] Hassel, B. C., & Terrell, M. G. (2004). How can virtual schools be a vibrant part of meeting the choice provisions of the no child left behind act? White paper. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.doe.virginia.gov/VDOE/Instruction/title1/Hassel-Terrell-VirtualSchools.pdf

[12] Ketelhut, D. J., McCloskey, E., Dede, C., Breit, L., & Whitehouse, P. (2006). Core tensions in the evolution of online teacher professional development. In C. Dede (Ed.), Online professional development for teachers: Emerging models and methods (pp. 237-263). Cambridge, Ma: Harvard Education Press.

[13] Knapp, L. (1996). Restructuring schools with technology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Larreamendy-Joerns, J., & Leinhardt, G. (2006). Going the distance with online education. Review of Educational Research, 76(4), 567-605.

[14] Lawless, K. A., & Pellegrino, J. W. (2007). Professional development in integrating technology into teaching and learning: Knowns, unknowns, and ways to pursue better questions and answers. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 575-614.

[15] Long, A. (2004). Cyber schools. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from the Education Commission of the States Website http://www.ecs.og/clearinghouse/51/01/5101.pdf

[16] Lowes, S. (2007). Professional development for online teachers. In C. Cavanaugh & B. Blomeyer (Eds.), What works in K-12 online learning. Washington, DC: International Society for Technology in Education.

[17] National Education Association (NEA). (2006). Guide to teaching online courses. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.nea.org/home/30103.htm

[18] National Foundation for the Improvement of Education (NFIE). (1996). Teachers take charge of their learning: Transforming professional development for student success. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.neafoundation.org/publications/takecharge.htm

[19] North American Council for Online Learning (NACOL). (2008). National standards for quality online teaching. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.nacol.org/

[20] North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL). (1999). State policy on professional development: Rethinking the linkages to student outcomes. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.ncrel.org/quality/policy/index.html

[21] Picciano, A. G., & Seaman, J. (2009). K-12 online learning: A follow-up of the survey of U. S. School district administrators. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from the Sloan Consortium website http://www.sloan-C.org/publications/sutvey/k-12online2008

[22] Rice, K. L. (2006). A comprehensive look at distance education in the k-12 context. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 38(4), 425-447.

[23] Rice, K., & Dawley, L. (2007, November). Going virtual! The status of professional development for k-12 online teachers. Research report presented at the Virtual School Symposium. Louisville, KY. Supported by NACOL. Retrieved April 30, 2008, from http://edtech.boisestate.edu/goingvirtual/goingvirtual1.pdf

[24] Southern Regional Education Board (SREB). (2006). Standards for quality online teaching. Retrieved August 19, 2007, from http://www.sreb.org/programs/EdTech/pubs/PDF/StandardsQualityOnlineTeaching.asp

[25] Southern Regional Education Board (SREB). (2007). Report on state virtual schools. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.sreb.org/programs/EdTech/SVS/2007_report_on_state_virtual_schools.pdf

[26] Sternberg, R. J., & Ben-Zeev, T. (2001). Complex cognition: The psychology of human thought. New York: Oxford University Press.

[27] U. S. Department of Education (USDOE). (2004). Toward a new golden age in American education: How the internet, the law and today’s students are revolutionizing expectations. National Education Technology Plan 2004. Washington DC: Author.

[28] Watson, J., & Ryan, J. (2006). Keeping pace with K–12 online learning: A review of statelevel policy and practice. Naperville, IL: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory at Learning Point Associates. Retrieved January 9, 2007, from http://www.naco L.org/docs/Keep ing%20Pace%20w ith%20K-12%20On l ine%20Learn ing%20 2006.pdf

[29] Watson, J., & Ryan, J. (2007). Keeping pace with K–12 online learning: A review of statelevel policy and practice. Naperville, IL: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory

[30] Watson, J., Gemin, B., & Ryan, J. (2008). Keeping pace with k-12 online learning: A review of state-level policy and practice. Evergreen, CO: Evergreen Consulting.

[31] Web-Based Education Commission. (2000). The power of the internet for learning: Moving from promise to practice. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.ed.gov/offices/AC/WBEC/FinalReport/index.html

[32] Yin, R. K. (1993). Applications of case study research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

The Status of Professional Development for K-12 Online Teachers: Insights and Implications

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